Which type of burn affects the outer layer and a portion of the dermis, causing blistering?

The classification of burns is based on the depth of the skin damage. A second-degree burn is characterized by affecting not only the outer layer of skin, known as the epidermis, but also part of the underlying layer, the dermis. This type of burn results in symptoms such as redness, swelling, and most notably, blistering. The presence of blisters is a key indicator, as it signifies damage that extends beyond the superficial layer, indicating involvement of the dermis.

In contrast, first-degree burns affect only the epidermis, leading to minor damage typically associated with redness and pain but no blistering. Third-degree burns penetrate through both the epidermis and dermis, affecting deeper tissues, which may result in a dry, leathery appearance and a lack of sensation in the affected area due to nerve damage. Fourth-degree burns go even deeper, extending through the subcutaneous tissue and often affecting muscles and bones. Given this understanding, the identification of a second-degree burn as the correct answer highlights its specific characteristics in terms of depth and symptoms, particularly blistering, which distinguishes it from the other types of burns.